风化作用
生物地球化学循环
硅酸盐矿物
矿物
有机体
微生物
地球微生物学
硅酸盐
营养物
环境化学
成岩作用
粘土矿物
地质学
地球化学
微生物代谢
生态学
环境科学
矿物学
化学
生物
细菌
古生物学
环境生物技术
有机化学
作者
Philip C. Bennett,J. R. Rogers,W. J. Choi,F.K. Hiebert
标识
DOI:10.1080/01490450151079734
摘要
Mineralogy, microbial ecology, and mineral weathering in the subsurface are an intimately linked biogeochemical system. Although bacteria have been implicated indirectly in the accelerated weathering of minerals, it is not clear if this interaction is simply the coincidental result of microbial metabolism, or if it represents a specific strategy offering the colonizing bacteria a competitive ecological advantage. Our studies provide evidence that silicate weathering by bacteria is sometimes driven by the nutrient requirements of the microbial consortium, and therefore depends on the trace nutrient content of each aquifer mineral. This occurrence was observed in reducing groundwaters where carbon is abundant but phosphate is scarce; here, even resistant feldspars are weathered rapidly. This suggests that the progression of mineral weathering may be influenced by a mineral's nutritional potential, with microorganisms destroying only beneficial minerals. The rock record, therefore, may contain a remnant mineralogy that reflects early microbial destruction of biologically valuable minerals, leaving a residuum of "useless" minerals, where "value" depends on the organism, its metabolic needs, and the diagenetic environment. Conversely, the subsurface distribution of microorganisms may, in part, be controlled by the mineralogy and by the ability of an organism to take advantage of mineral-bound nutrients.
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