Development of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for detection of Theileria equi

Several approaches have been developed for diagnosis of Theileria equi infection in horses and donkeys but all of them have limitations in practice. Due to numerous strengths including easy operation, cheapness and high sensitivity and specificity, LAMP has been already extensively used for surveillance of a number of diseases. We here set up a LAMP assay based on 18S rRNA gene for T. equi diagnosis. The approach was specific enough to differentiate T. equi from other evolutionary-related protozoa. Moreover, it was sensitive enough that LAMP was capable of detecting as much low as 10 copy target gene and 1 pg/μl blood genomic DNA. It was further demonstrated that LAMP was much more sensitive than canonical blood smear and comparable to PCR using test and field samples. The present results support an idea that LAMP developed in this study is reliable, reproducible and highly sensitive and specific, being a potential to be globally used for surveillance of T. equi infection in the field.