[A new transition of the screening, early diagnosis and early treatment project of the upper gastrointestinal cancer: opportunistic screening].

The screening, early diagnosis and early treatment project of the upper gastrointestinal cancer had achieved good results since its launch. However, from a national perspective, the endoscopic screening of upper gastrointestinal cancer was still not optimistic, such as the poor rate of the early diagnosis, the low rate of 5-year survival in rural areas, and the disparity of the standardized screening and diagnosis in different areas. Therefore, the situation of upper gastrointestinal cancer prevention and treatment is still severe. Under the guidance of the "Healthy China 2030" plan, based on the international experience and domestic actual circumstance, it is suggested that the screening of high-risk population in high-risk areas should be changed into the opportunistic screening in primary medical institutions. The opportunistic screening could expand the coverage of the screening, early diagnosis and early treatment project of the upper gastrointestinal cancer, and increase the early diagnosis rate in rural areas and primary medical institutions, which could improve the 5-year survival rate of patients with the upper gastrointestinal cancer, and then achieve the sustainable development of the cancer prevention and treatment in China.上消化道癌筛查和早诊早治项目已经取得较好效果，但是从全国范围来看，上消化道癌内镜筛查情况仍不容乐观，存在上消化道癌早诊率低、农村上消化道癌5年生存率低、各地区规范化筛查诊疗水平存在差距等问题，肿瘤防治形势依然严峻。在《"健康中国2030"规划纲要》新目标的引导下，结合国际经验和国内实际情况，建议从高发地区高危人群的人群筛查转向基层医疗机构机会性筛查，进一步扩大我国上消化道癌的筛查及早诊早治工作的覆盖面，全面提高我国农村及基层医疗机构上消化道癌早诊率，从而提高上消化道癌5年生存率，进而促进我国肿瘤防治的可持续发展。.