The membrane bioreactor(MBR)with many advantages has a wide application prospect in wastewater treatment.Membrane fouling has always been the difficulty and focus of MBR applications.Investigations on the fouling formation and fouling factors have laid a foundation for further research on the membrane fouling of MBR technology.Determining the correlations of operation conditions and the relations between membrane characteristics and membrane fouling could provide instructions for MBR system design and fouling control.The formation of MBR membrane fouling,main fouling factors,operation condition and membrane characteristics on membrane fouling were reviewed.