Perovskite Catalysts for Diesel Nitrogen Oxide Control: Recent Advances and Future Directions

Controlling diesel nitrogen oxide (NO x ) exhaust remains challenging in terms of increasingly stringent emission standards, while soot and N 2 O formation in aftertreatment units add further constraints on catalyst selectivity and durability. Perovskite oxides (ABO 3 ) have emerged as promising candidates due to their compositional flexibility, thermal robustness, and tunable redox/acid–base chemistry. This review summarizes recent advances of perovskite catalysts across key diesel NO x -control reactions, including NO oxidation, simultaneous NO x -soot removal, NH 3 -selective catalytic reduction (NH 3 -SCR), and N 2 O decomposition. We synthesize the links between A/B-site substitution, oxygen/cation defect engineering, and porous/morphology design regulate oxygen activation pathways, nitrate/nitrite chemistry, oxygen-vacancy dynamics, and surface acidity/basicity, thereby governing activity and selectivity. We further study deactivation mechanism and resistance strategies toward realistic exhaust components (H 2 O, SO 2, etc.), hydrothermal aging, carbon deposition, and oxygen inhibition. Finally, we highlight opportunities that couple operando spectroscopy, kinetics, and theoretical calculations to enable descriptor-guided design of durable perovskite catalysts for practical diesel aftertreatment.