Morphology-based radiomics signature: a novel determinant to identify multiple intracranial aneurysms rupture

We aimed to develop and validate a morphology-based radiomics signature nomogram for assessing the risk of intracranial aneurysm (IA) rupture. A total of 254 aneurysms in 105 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage and multiple intracranial aneurysms from three centers were retrospectively reviewed and randomly divided into the derivation and validation cohorts. Radiomics morphological features were automatically extracted from digital subtraction angiography and selected by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm to develop a radiomics signature. A radiomics signature-based nomogram was developed by incorporating the signature and traditional morphological features. The performance of calibration, discrimination, and clinical usefulness of the nomogram was assessed. Ten radiomics morphological features were selected to build the radiomics signature model, which showed better discrimination with an area under the curve (AUC) equal to 0.814 and 0.835 in the derivation and validation cohorts compared with 0.747 and 0.666 in the traditional model, which only include traditional morphological features. When radiomics signature and traditional morphological features were combined, the AUC increased to 0.842 and 0.849 in the derivation and validation cohorts, thus showing better performance in assessing aneurysm rupture risk. This novel model could be useful for decision-making and risk stratification for patients with IAs.