Efficient and Secure Authentication Scheme for Internet of Vehicles

The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) improves efficiency of transportation systems while enhancing the passenger travel experience. However, due to the open wireless communication environment, the IoV requires a reliable and secure authentication and key agreement scheme to ensure that the exchanged data in public channel cannot be forged or modified by the adversary. In most existing authentication schemes, the vehicle usually authenticates with each other by an online Trusted Authority (TA), which results in the authentication efficiency of these centralized authentication schemes are easily affected by TA's computational and communication bottlenecks as the increase of traffic density. Therefore, this paper proposes a secure and efficient authentication and key agreement scheme for IoV, where the vehicles can authenticate with each other and build a session key through a pre-shared key. Besides, a group key is also proposed to broadcast basic safety messages in the same RSU group securely. The group key can be updated when the vehicle joins and leaves, so that a leaving group member cannot access the current communication process. By the Heuristic and BAN logic analysis, the proposed scheme is proved to be secure. Compared with existing schemes, the proposed scheme meets the security requirements and has significant advantages in terms of computation and communication overhead.