Recent Progress on Nanomodification Applied in Anodes of Rechargeable Li Metal Batteries

Lithium metal anodes (LMAs) are considered one of the most promising anode materials for lithium metal batteries due to their high theoretical specific capacity (3860 mAh g–1) and low anode potential (−3.04 V compared to the standard hydrogen potential). However, the further application of lithium metal batteries is hindered by problems such as lithium dendrite growth and volume change of the anode. Fortunately, to address these issues in lithium metal batteries, various applications of nanomodification technologies have been proposed for lithium metal anodes, such as using nanomaterials and constructing nanostructures. These nanomodification technologies have standardized the plating/stripping behavior of lithium, significantly improving the electrochemical performance and lithium morphology of LMAs. This brief review systematically summarizes the latest research progress in LMA nanomodification technology to inhibit lithium dendrite growth. First, the problems of LMAs in practical applications are analyzed. Then, we summarize the forward-looking strategies and the latest research progress based on nanomaterials and nanostructures from the perspectives of current collectors, protection of the interface layer, separators, and all-solid-state lithium batteries. Finally, the future development of nanomodification technology for the protection of lithium metal batteries is summarized and prospected.