材料科学
自愈水凝胶
可穿戴计算机
复合数
纤维素
复合材料
可穿戴技术
纳米技术
高分子科学
化学工程
高分子化学
计算机科学
嵌入式系统
工程类
作者
Tiangang Yang,Shao‐Hao Lu,Hong-Lin Zhu,Antonios Patetsos,E. McDonald,Matthew D. Mellor,Yangchao Luo,James F. Rusling,Xueju Wang,Jie He
标识
DOI:10.1021/acsami.4c08592
摘要
Cellulose and its composites, despite being abundant and sustainable, are typically brittle with very low flexibility/stretchability. This study reports a solution processing method to prepare porous, amorphous, and elastic cellulose hydrogels and films. Native cellulose dissolved in a water-ZnCl2 mixture can form ionic gels through in situ polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) to poly(acrylic acid) (PAA). The addition of up to 30 vol % AA does not change the solubility of cellulose in the water-ZnCl2 mixture. After polymerization, the formation of interpenetrated networks, resulting from the chemical cross-linking of PAA and the ionic/coordination binding among cellulose/PAA and ZnCl2, gives rise to strong, transparent, and ionically conductive hydrogels. These hydrogels can be used for wearable sensors to detect mechanical deformation under stretching, compression, and bending. Upon removal of ZnCl2 and drying the gels, semitransparent amorphous cellulose composite films can be obtained with a Young's modulus of up to 4 GPa. The rehydration of these films leads to the formation of tough, highly elastic composites. With a water content of 3-10.5%, cellulose-containing films as strong as paper also show typical characteristics of elastomers with an elongation of up to 1300%. Such composite films provide an alternative solution to resolving the material sustainability of natural polymers without compromising their mechanical properties.
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