Flexible regulation engineering of titanium nitride nanofibrous membranes for efficient electromagnetic microwave absorption in wide temperature spectrum

Simultaneous development of well impedance matching and strong loss capability has become a mainstream method for achieving outstanding electromagnetic microwave absorption (EMWA) performances over wide temperature range. However, it is difficult to pursue both due to the mutual restraint of relationship between impedance matching and loss capability about temperature. Here, we propose a flexible regulation engineering of titanium nitride (TiN) nanofibrous membranes (NMs, TNMs), which could be distributed uniformly in the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix and contributed to the formation of abundant local conductive networks, generating the local conductive loss and enhancing the loss ability of EMWs. Moreover, when the TNMs are used as functional units and dispersed in the matrix, the corresponding composites exhibit an outstanding anti-reflection effect on microwaves. As hoped, under the precondition of good impedance matching, local conductive loss and polarization loss together improve the loss capacity at room temperature, and polarization loss can compensate the local conductive loss to acquire effective dielectric response at elevated temperature. Benefiting from the reasonably synergistic loss ability caused by flexible regulation engineering, the corresponding composites exhibit the perfect EMWA performances in a wide temperature range from 298 to 573 K. This work not only elaborates the ponderable insights of independent membrane in the composition-structure-function connection, but also provides a feasible tactic for resolving coexistence of well impedance matching and strong loss capability issues in wide temperature spectrum.