造血
细胞生物学
转录因子
生物
红细胞生成
细胞生长
细胞分化
无效红细胞生成
干细胞
基因
遗传学
医学
内科学
贫血
标识
DOI:10.1002/9781119500537.ch19
摘要
Erythropoiesis is the proliferation and progressive differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) into hemoglobinized RBCs. This chapter describes erythropoiesis using information gained primarily from studies in mice, rats, and humans. Proliferation and differentiation of erythroid cells include cell divisions accompanied by a serial reduction of proliferative ability and increased erythroid-specific gene expression. The general sequence of molecular events for erythroid proliferation and differentiation is: growth factor binding to its receptor; activation of membrane-associated kinases; phosphorylation of the cytoplasmic portion of the receptor and of other intermediate molecules; activation of transcription factors; and transcription-factor-dependent synthesis of either additional transcription factors or erythroid-specific functional proteins, depending upon the stage of erythropoiesis. Erythroblastic islands are one component of the microenvironment that is essential for erythropoiesis. Erythrokinetics encompasses the rates of proliferation and maturation from HSC to mature RBCs.
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