Phase Shifters

Abstract A microwave phase shifter is a two‐port device capable of producing a true delay of a microwave signal flowing through it. The produced time delay can be fixed or adjustable, and the phase shifter is accordingly called fixed phase shifter or tunable phase shifter. The geometry of the phase shifter is intimately related to the guiding structure that is used to design it and is also related to the operational frequency. Most phase shifters are realized in waveguides or in planar structures. Electrically, a phase shifter can be characterized by its scattering parameters matrix.