Engineered Bone Tissue with Naturally-Derived Small Molecules

Natural products remain the best resources of drugs and drug leads. Recently, there is growing recognition that identifying new small molecules to promote bone regeneration is a laudable translational goal. In fact, new approaches for bone repair and regeneration that involve inexpensive naturally-derived compounds would have an important impact on the treatment of bone disorders and injuries. Over the past several decades, a number of naturally-derived small molecules with the potential of regenerating bone tissue (i.e. osteoinductive) have been reported in the literature. Here, we review the current literature, paying attention to the prospects for natural small molecule-based bone regenerative engineering. We also review various delivery strategies of the selected naturally- derived small molecules for bone regenerative engineering applications.