WISP1 Protects Against Chondrocyte Senescence and Apoptosis by Regulating αvβ3 and PI3K/Akt Pathway in Osteoarthritis

Our study aimed at validating the effect of WISP1 on osteoarthritis (OA) and the pathway involved in the WISP1-induced protection against OA. The expression of WISP1 was measured by immunohistochemical analyses. We found that WISP1 expression was shown to be upregulated within human OA cartilage compared with controls. WISP1 expression was related to knee OA severity. rhWISP1 inhibited OA chondrocyte senescence and apoptosis in vitro, which was reversed by the αvβ3 antibody and PI3K/Akt inhibitor LY294002. WISP1 overexpression induced by knee injection of LiCI could also prevent the senescence and apoptosis of rat chondrocytes. Safranin-O staining and Mankin score revealed that WISP1 overexpression can protect rat chondrocytes from degeneration. Nearly opposite results were obtained in the treatment of ICG-001 and siRNA-WISP1 in vivo. These data strongly suggest that WISP1 can protect against the senescence and apoptosis of chondrocytes via modulating the αvβ3 receptor and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway within OA. Therefore, the development of specific activators of WISP1 may present the value of an underlying OA treatment.