An Input-Process-Output Model and Measurement Instrument of Team Effectiveness tested in a Field Setting

The importance of teams for organizations has resulted in a great deal of research examining the characteristics of effective teams. Numerous input and process characteristics have been found to be related to team effectiveness. Building on this literature, I examined the relationship between various input and process characteristics and team effectiveness in a large healthcare organization. In total 25 characteristics were assessed. Data were collected from 768 team members, 44 team managers and from the management information system. Consistent with existing input-process-output models of team effectiveness, results showed that the input characteristics were most strongly related to the process characteristics, whereas the process characteristics were related to team satisfaction and team performance. Moreover, this study provided and validated a measurement instrument for team effectiveness, which can be used by organizations to diagnose problems and identify areas for improvement in teams.