Promotional effect of rare earth (Er, Pr, Nd, Gd and Sm) metals on the photocatalytic H 2 O splitting activity of Ni–Al doped TiO 2 catalysts for H 2 production

A fourfold increase in hydrogen yield (71.8 mmol g −1 ) was achieved through photocatalytic H 2 O splitting by adding a rare earth metal to the Ni–Al/TiO 2 catalyst.