Pre-ischaemic empagliflozin treatment attenuates blood–brain barrier disruption via β-catenin mediated protection of cerebral endothelial cells

EMPA administration before tMCAO attenuated ischaemia/reperfusion-induced BBB disruption and inflammation via β-catenin-mediated protection of cerebral microvascular endothelial cells. Therefore, EMPA shows potential for improving stroke outcomes as an adjunctive preventive strategy.