Prospects of using sFlt-1, PlGF as biomarkers of superimposed preeclampsia

Chronic hypertension during pregnancy has recently shown a significant increase, which is most likely due to the growth in the number of first pregnancies in women of late reproductive age, with chronic hypertension, obesity and other extragenital diseases, as well as an increase in the number of pregnancies as a result of in vitro fertilization. Preeclampsia complicates chronic hypertension in 20-40% of cases, more often associated with early onset (before 34 weeks) and leads to an increase in complications in the mother, fetus and newborn. Currently, there are no reliable biomarkers that make it possible to predict the development of superimposed preeclampsia, but their search is underway. In the general obstetric population, the use of PlGF and sFlt-1 tests has shown to be promising for predicting preeclampsia in women with singleton pregnancies. PlGF and sFlt-1 based tests have begun to appear in clinical guidelines in addition to regular clinical and laboratory testing. But data on the effectiveness of these tests for predicting preeclampsia in groups of pregnant women with chronic diseases, including those with chronic hypertension, is still being collected. Purpose - to evaluate the prospects of using angiogenic factors as biomarkers of superimposed preeclampsia; search for publications in electronic databases (Medline, Embase) from the earliest to January 2023. Conclusions. Changes in angiogenesis markers may indicate the start preeclampsia in pregnant women with chronic hypertension. The values of angiogenesis markers in pregnant women with preeclampsia on the background of chronic hypertension may differ from those in pregnant women with preeclampsia, but without concomitant diseases. In addition, abnormalities in values of angiogenic markers in pregnant women with chronic hypertension compared to normotensive pregnant women may occur without the addition of preeclampsia. The reason may be the effect of chronic hypertension on the development and functioning of the placenta or an altered response of the endothelium to angiogenesis factors. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.