Vinegar, the beneficial food additive: Production, safety, possibilities, and applications from ancient to modern times

Vinegar is a natural product derived from fruits or grains after being subjected to food fermentation processes. Vinegar is a beneficial food additive, preservative, and condiment. It is appreciated across the Islamic world following the Prophetic teaching where Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) recommended its utility, saying: "The best of condiments is vinegar". Modern medicine recognizes the health benefits, especially upon metabolism and circulation, mediated by the bioactive constituents of vinegar, including acetic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid, gallic acid,