Performance of chocolate bar-shaped modular thermal management system combined metal lattice liquid-cooling plate with paraffin in high-rate discharge

A chocolate bar-shaped hybrid battery thermal management system combined with a metal lattice liquid-cooling plate with paraffin has been proposed to improve the severe temperature rise and inhomogeneity of the prismatic lithium-ion battery at a high discharge rate. The cooling capabilities of different liquid-cooling tube arrangements of a prismatic battery have been compared, and the impacts of coolant flow rate, the metal lattice porosity and the liquid-cooling tube wall thickness on the cell's heat dissipation behaviour in various systems have been investigated. Multi-objective optimization has been conducted to obtain the optimal structural parameters of the system. The results indicate that the parallel arrangement of liquid-cooling tubes can ensure an excellent cooling capacity and a low system mass. The metal lattice plate with phase change material has a most outstanding cooling performance and highest mass group efficiency than other hybrid cooling systems. The highest temperature, temperature difference and the system's group efficiency will decline with the metal lattice's porosity decrease. The cooling capability of the system will be affected by the increased wall thickness of the LCT due to the balanced effect of the flow rate increase and thermal resistance. Under the optimal parameter combination, the module's highest temperature, temperature difference and group efficiency are about 44.95 °C, 4.35 °C and 78.98 % in 3C high-rate discharge, respectively.