Paradoxical role and therapeutic potential of autophagy in lymphomas

Summary Lymphomas represent a group of haematological malignancies characterized by heterogeneous clinical outcomes. For patients with relapsed/refractory disease, pathogenesis remains incompletely understood, and therapeutic options pose significant challenges. Accumulating evidence indicates that autophagy is intricately linked to lymphocyte development and lymphomagenesis. As a fundamental metabolic process maintaining cellular survival and tissue homeostasis under starvation or stress, autophagy exhibits context‐dependent roles in lymphoma, either promoting or suppressing tumorigenesis in response to diverse therapies. This review synthesizes recent advances in autophagy mechanisms and regulation, their implications for lymphoma and the therapeutic exploitation of autophagy for lymphoma treatment strategies.