Synthesis of bio-derived 1,4-butanediol by succinic acid esterification and hydrogenation over CuFeAl catalysts

Synthesis of bio-derived 1,4-butanediol with a 91.2% yield was realized by succinic acid esterification with methanol over phosphotungstic acid, and then one-pot hydrogenation over a Cu 1 Fe 1 Al 0.5 catalyst in a segmented temperature-controlled manner.