生物
基因
小麦叶锈病
遗传学
植物抗病性
人口
效应器
病菌
Rust(编程语言)
栽培
毒力
植物
细胞生物学
社会学
人口学
程序设计语言
计算机科学
作者
Pramod Prasad,Siddanna Savadi,S. C. Bhardwaj,P. K. Gupta
出处
期刊:Fungal Biology
[Elsevier]
日期:2020-06-01
卷期号:124 (6): 537-550
被引量:59
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.funbio.2020.02.013
摘要
Leaf rust (also called brown rust) in wheat, caused by fungal pathogen Puccinia triticina Erikss. (Pt) is one of the major constraints in wheat production worldwide. Pt is widespread with diverse population structure and undergoes rapid evolution to produce new virulent races against resistant cultivars that are regularly developed to provide resistance against the prevailing races of the pathogen. Occasionally, the disease may also take the shape of an epidemic in some wheat-growing areas causing major economic losses. In the recent past, substantial progress has been made in characterizing the sources of leaf rust resistance including non-host resistance (NHR). Progress has also been made in elucidating the population biology of Pt and the mechanisms of wheat-Pt interaction. So far, ∼80 leaf rust resistance genes (Lr genes) have been identified and characterized; some of them have also been used for the development of resistant wheat cultivars. It has also been shown that a gene-for-gene relationship exists between individual wheat Lr genes and the corresponding Pt Avr genes so that no Lr gene can provide resistance unless the prevailing race of the pathogen carries the corresponding Avr gene. Several Lr genes have also been cloned and their products characterized, although no Avr gene corresponding a specific Lr gene has so far been identified. However, several candidate effectors for Pt have been identified and functionally characterized using genome-wide analyses, transcriptomics, RNA sequencing, bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC), virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS), transient expression and other approaches. This review summarizes available information on different aspects of the pathogen Pt, genetics/genomics of leaf rust resistance in wheat including cloning and characterization of Lr genes and epigenetic regulation of disease resistance.
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