Artificial intelligence and neural networks in urology: current clinical applications.
深度学习
医学物理学
计算机科学
电流(流体)
作者
Enrico Checcucci,Riccardo Autorino,Giovanni Cacciamani,Daniele Amparore,Sabrina De Cillis,Alberto Piana,Pietro Piazzolla,Enrico Vezzetti,Cristian Fiori,Domenico Veneziano,Ash Tewari,Prokar Dasgupta,Andrew J. Hung,Inderbir S. Gill,Francesco Porpiglia,Uro-technology
出处
期刊:The Italian journal of urology and nephrology [Edizioni Minerva Medica] 日期:2020-02-01卷期号:72 (1): 49-57被引量:45
标识
DOI:10.23736/s0393-2249.19.03613-0
摘要
INTRODUCTION As we enter the era of big data, an increasing amount of complex health-care data will become available. These data are often redundant, noisy, and characterized by wide variability. In order to offer a precise and transversal view of a clinical scenario the artificial intelligence (AI) with machine learning (ML) algorithms and Artificial neuron networks (ANNs) process were adopted, with a promising wide diffusion in the near future. The present work aims to provide a comprehensive and critical overview of the current and potential applications of AI and ANNs in urology. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION A non-systematic review of the literature was performed by screening Medline, PubMed, the Cochrane Database, and Embase to detect pertinent studies regarding the application of AI and ANN in Urology. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS The main application of AI in urology is the field of genitourinary cancers. Focusing on prostate cancer, AI was applied for the prediction of prostate biopsy results. For bladder cancer, the prediction of recurrence-free probability and diagnostic evaluation were analysed with ML algorithms. For kidney and testis cancer, anecdotal experiences were reported for staging and prediction of diseases recurrence. More recently, AI has been applied in non-oncological diseases like stones and functional urology. CONCLUSIONS AI technologies are growing their role in health care; but, up to now, their real-life implementation remains limited. However, in the near future, the potential of AI-driven era could change the clinical practice in Urology, improving overall patient outcomes.