Heat dissipation investigation of the power lithium-ion battery module based on orthogonal experiment design and fuzzy grey relation analysis

In this work, the physical and mathematical models for a battery module with sixteen lithium-ion batteries are established under different arrangement modes based on the climate in the central and southern region, the heat dissipation characteristics are investigated under different ventilation schemes, and the best cell arrangement structure and ventilation scheme are obtained. Then, the influence of four parameters (inlet airflow velocity, air inlet radius, inlet and outlet eccentricity, and air vent area ratio) of selected optimal forced air-cooled model on heat dissipation performance of battery module is analyzed based on the combination of orthogonal experiment design method and fuzzy grey relation theory. The results show that 4 × 4 battery arrangement is superior to 2 × 8 arrangement, straight arrangement is better than staggered arrangement, and ventilation scheme (air inlet is on the upper surface and air outlet is on the lower surface) is of the best heat dissipation performance among all ventilation schemes. Moreover, air vent area ratio, eccentricity and the inlet airflow velocity have the most significant effect on average temperature, temperature difference and heat conduction coefficient of power lithium-ion battery pack, respectively. This work will provide great reference values for cooling performance enhancement of the power lithium-ion battery pack.