Crystal growth and visible fluorescence and energy transfer features of Dy3+/RE3+ (RE = Tb, Eu)-codoped Y3Al5O12 crystals

In this work, 4 at% Dy 3+ : YAG (Dy: YAG), 4 at% Dy 3+ /0.5 at% Tb: YAG (Dy/Tb: YAG), 4 at% Dy 3+ /0.5 at% Eu 3+ : YAG (Dy/Eu: YAG), 0.5 at% Tb: YAG (Tb: YAG), and 0.5 at% Eu 3+ : YAG (Eu: YAG) crystals have been synthesized by the Czochralski method. Optical absorption and luminescence spectra of Dy: YAG, Dy/Tb: YAG, and Dy/Eu: YAG crystals are contrasted and discussed. Through emission decay times of Dy 3+ : 4 F 9/2 level in related crystals and the fluorescence spectra under different excitations, the energy transfer pathways between Dy 3+ and Tb 3+ , and Dy 3+ and Eu 3+ ions are explored. Additionally, Judd-Ofelt analysis is performed to estimate distinct spectroscopic factors like radiative transition rates, fluorescence branching ratios, and radiative lifetimes. • Luminescence features of Dy/Tb: YAG and Dy/Eu: YAG crystals are investigated. . • Comparison of emission aspects of Dy/Tb: YAG and Dy/Eu: YAG crystals is performed. • Energy transfer pathways of Dy–Tb and Dy–Eu pairs in YAG crystals are examined. • ET efficiency of Dy 3+ : 4 F 9/2 .→Eu 3+ : 5 D 2 state in Dy/Eu: YAG crystal is 16.77%. • Both Dy/Tb: YAG and Dy/Eu: YAG crystals are better suitable than Dy: YAG as a gain medium for yellow laser. .