Chelation-induced anti-Ostwald ripening: Ultrafine bismuth nanocrystals for ultrastable aqueous sodium storage

at 0.5 C, and negligible capacity decay even after 5,700 cycles at an extremely high current rate of 20 C for ASIBs. These findings highlight the potential of the anti-Ostwald ripening effect in enhancing the stability and performance of metal-carbon composite electrodes, providing valuable insights into the design of advanced materials for next-generation aqueous batteries.