Dynamic response of Camellia oleifera fruit-branch based on mathematical model and high-speed photography

In order to study the motion law and shedding characteristics of fruits during the vibration harvesting process of Camellia oleifera fruit. The dynamic equation of fruit-branch picking was established, the vibration output solution and picking inertial force of Camellia oleifera fruit forced vibration were solved by mathematical methods, and the spectral curve between picking force and frequency when forced vibration of Camellia oleifera fruit was analysed by MATLAB. The three-dimensional model of fruit-branch was established, and the modal analysis and harmonious response analysis were carried out, and the optimal excitation frequency range was 4–8 Hz, and the optimal excitation load of fruit-branch was 50N. The self-made canopy camellia fruit picker was used to continuously vibrate the side branches of Camellia oleifera, and the high-speed camera was used to record the movement process of Camellia oleifera fruit at different vibration frequencies, and the results showed that the movement trajectory of Camellia oleifera fruit was complex and the result of a combination of multiple movements. With the increase of excitation frequency, the speed and acceleration of fruit and flower buds also increased, but the average shedding force of fruits and buds did not change much, and the average shedding force of flower buds was greater than that of fruits. The results of this experiment are basically consistent with the results of the simulation analysis. The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for the design, selection and research and development of mechanical harvesting equipment.