二氧化碳
电解
碳纤维
环境科学
废物管理
二氧化碳去除
负二氧化碳排放
温室气体
工艺工程
化学
环境工程
化学工程
材料科学
工程类
固碳
电极
有机化学
复合数
复合材料
物理化学
生物
电解质
生态学
作者
Adnan Ozden,Fengwang Li,Mingchuan Luo,Kyriaki Polychronopoulou
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119443
摘要
• CO 2 electrolysis requires energy- and carbon-efficient systems. • Present-day tandem CO 2 electrolysis enables the lowest energy intensity. • Efficient CO production technologies are key for tandem CO 2 electrolysis. • Acidic CO 2 electrolysis achieves the lowest energy in direct CO 2 electrolysis. • Catalyst and system integration approaches are key for CO 2 electrolysis. Renewable-electricity-powered CO 2 reduction (CO 2 R) could enable penetration of renewables into the vast chemical industry. Present-day CO 2 R technology realizes production of multi-carbon chemicals with industrially relevant rates (>100 mA cm −2 ). However, (bi)carbonate formation (2OH – + CO 2 → CO 3 2– + H 2 O), which occurs readily in systems based on neutral and alkaline electrolytes, results in CO 2 (reactant) loss and associated energy penalties that render the process unviable. This Review article focuses on the overview of carbon-efficient CO 2 R systems: CO 2 R with all-liquid-phase anodic process; acidic-media CO 2 R; local CO 2 regeneration from (bi)carbonate via bipolar systems; tandem CO 2 conversion; and CO 2 R from capture solutions. It analyses the current feasibility of each system, discusses the technical and scientific challenges associated with each strategy, and outlines future research directions toward carbon- and energy-efficient CO 2 electrolysis at scale. The Review article emphasizes that carbon-efficient CO 2 R systems eliminate (bi)carbonate formation and ensuing energy penalties. With the recent catalysis- and system-level breakthroughs, some of these systems (CO 2 R with all-liquid-phase anodic process, tandem CO 2 conversion, and acidic-media CO 2 R) outperform the conventional alkaline and neutral-media CO 2 R systems in terms of energy intensity. The Review article underscores that achieving breakeven energy intensity requires further energy efficiency improvements, calling for innovative electrocatalysis and system integration approaches.
科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI