[Objective] The research aimed to study the regulation of synthesis and accumulation of anthocyanin.[Method] Red flesh plum fruits as experimental material,the anthocyanin accumulation and related factors were analyzed systemically.[Result] Great quantities of anthocyanin were accumulated in red flesh plum fruits during the late stage of fruit development.When the fruits were harvested,the content of anthocyanin in fruits was the highest.Anthocyanin of red flesh plum began to synthesize,when chlorophyll almost descended and reached a minmum.Soluble sugar and anthocyin in red flesh plum fruits was correlated significantly.But sugar content confined fruits coloration in specific range.If its content exceeded regular threshold,it would not be a limit factor.When sour was completely degraded,anthocyanin began to accumulate all the time.Before the fruits were harvested,the content of sour and anchocyanin increased together.[Conclusion] Theoretic basis was provided for regulating the color and luster of the fruits.