[Study on construction and application of technology system of chronic diseases and risk factor surveillance in China].

To study and establish a set technology systems of sampling, investigation, quality control, and data analysis of complex sampling for chronic diseases and risk factor surveillance in China based on the requirements of the WHO and China's national conditions, and provide evidence for the policy making and prevention and control evaluation of chronic diseases and technical support for the research of chronic diseases. Through the study of complex sampling technique, adjustment of surveillance points and evaluation of their representatives, a national and provincial representative surveillance system and a complex weighted data analysis were established. According to the relevant plans, actions, and policies in China and other countries, the surveillance content and index system were studied and constructed, which was in line with China's national conditions, "1 + X" steps surveillance, covering the content of questionnaire , physical measurement, and laboratory testing. Based on modern information technology, a three-level platform of information collection and a multi-center laboratory quality control technology system were established, including sampling, information collection, biological sample management, quality control, and result display. Relying on the above research techniques, a national epidemiological investigation was conducted in China, which covered cerebrovascular disease, mental disorders, digestive system disease, and diabetes complications, to obtain the national representative data. This study reflected the innovation of "combination of medicine and prevention" and multi department cooperation in the fields of clinical medicine and public health and provided some big data for the health policy making and the evaluation of the effects of chronic disease prevention and control.研究构建一套满足WHO要求、符合中国国情的中国慢性病及危险因素监测的抽样、调查、质量控制、复杂抽样数据分析技术体系，并推广应用，为慢性病防治政策制定和防控效果评估提供依据，为慢性病科学研究提供技术平台支撑是本研究的目的。通过研究复杂抽样技术、监测系统调整及代表性的论证方法，建立了国家和省级代表性的慢性病及危险因素监测系统和复杂加权的数据分析方法。根据国内外相关规划、行动和政策，研究构建了符合我国国情“1+X”阶梯式、涵盖问卷、体测和实验室检测等监测内容和指标体系。基于现代信息技术，研究构建了集抽样、信息采集、生物样本管理、质量控制、结果展示于一体的三级构架的信息收集与管理平台和多中心实验室质控技术体系。应用上述研究技术，在我国开展了全国脑血管病、精神障碍、消化系统疾病和糖尿病并发症等流行病学研究，获得了脑血管病、消化系统疾病、精神障碍、糖尿病并发症等全国代表性数据，充分体现“医防结合”、多部门协作在临床及公共卫生领域的合作模式创新，阐述了我国居民主要慢性病的流行状况及变化趋势，为重大慢性病流行病学大数据研究提供了全国和省级代表性的数据资源，为制定健康政策和评估慢性病防控效果提供了科学依据。.