巨噬细胞
细胞生物学
炎症
化学
生物
促炎细胞因子
肿瘤坏死因子α
趋化因子
癌症研究
作者
Irina Ushach,Amanda M. Burkhardt,Cynthia Martinez,Peter Hevezi,Peter Arne Gerber,Bettina Alexandra Buhren,Holger Schrumpf,Ricardo Valle-Rios,Monica I. Vazquez,Bernhard Homey,Albert Zlotnik
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.clim.2014.11.006
摘要
Cytokines are involved in many functions of the immune system including initiating, amplifying and resolving immune responses. Through bioinformatics analyses of a comprehensive database of gene expression (BIGE: Body Index of Gene Expression) we observed that a small secreted protein encoded by a poorly characterized gene called meteorin-like (METRNL), is highly expressed in mucosal tissues, skin and activated macrophages. Further studies indicate that Metrnl is produced by Alternatively Activated Macrophages (AAM) and M-CSF cultured bone marrow macrophages (M2-like macrophages). In the skin, METRNL is expressed by resting fibroblasts and IFNγ-treated keratinocytes. A screen of human skin-associated diseases showed significant over-expression of METRNL in psoriasis, prurigo nodularis, actinic keratosis and atopic dermatitis. METRNL is also up-regulated in synovial membranes of human rheumatoid arthritis. Taken together, these results indicate that Metrnl represents a novel cytokine, which is likely involved in both innate and acquired immune responses.
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