Direct formic acid and formate fuel cells (DF(A)FCs)

Among the direct liquid fuel cells, the direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) are the fuel cells closest to commercialization. However, direct formic acid fuel cells (DFAFCs) and direct formate fuel cells (DFFCs) are also promising energy conversion devices for portable applications. It is important to choose the appropriate anode catalyst, cathode catalyst and membrane to achieve high power density for these fuel cells. In particular, the mechanisms of reactions at the anode side are extensively studied by researchers. In this chapter, the mechanisms of the reactions taking place at the anode and cathode sides, and the reported anode catalysts for DFAFC and DFFC in recent years are presented.