脂质体
亚甲蓝
抗菌剂
生物物理学
光动力疗法
动态光散射
Zeta电位
细菌生长
渗透(战争)
生物膜
材料科学
阳离子脂质体
磺酰罗丹明B细胞培养试剂染料
细菌细胞结构
光敏剂
共焦显微镜
化学
微生物学
纳米技术
细菌
细胞毒性
纳米颗粒
生物化学
光化学
体外
生物
有机化学
细胞生物学
运筹学
遗传学
光催化
催化作用
工程类
遗传增强
基因
作者
Giulia Boccalini,Luca Conti,Costanza Montis,Danièle Bani,Andrea Bencini,Debora Berti,Claudia Giorgi,Alessio Mengoni,Barbara Valtancoli
摘要
Methylene blue (MB) can be employed as a photo-activatable antimicrobial drug in photodynamic therapy (PDT) due to its ability to release oxygen free radicals upon photo-activation. However, its poor ability to penetrate bacterial cell walls and bacterial biofilms limits its antimicrobial activity. To overcome these limitations, we propose some formulations of MB based on different cationic liposomes. The liposome-MB systems were characterized using dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential analysis and UV-visible spectroscopy. Their ability to penetrate inside the cytoplasm of E. coli, taken as a bacterial model for Gram-negative strains, was investigated through laser scanning confocal microscopy (CLSM) and compared to the penetration of naked MB. Then, MB-loaded liposomes were photo-activated and their antimicrobial activity was tested against E. coli, showing a strong improvement with respect to MB solutions. The liposomal formulations dramatically enhance MB penetration in bacterial biofilms and reduce the inflammatory response due to lipopolysaccharide exposure in mammalian cells. The observed antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory efficacies show a clear correlation with some structural features of the carriers, namely the size and the surface charge density. Overall, these results provide fundamental knowledge that enables the design of novel efficient PDT treatments, which potentially overcome the rising incidence of antibiotic resistance of bacterial strains.
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