Genetic alterations in papillary thyroid cancer: clinicopathological correlations and diagnostic implications

In this Middle Eastern cohort of PTC patients, BRAFV600E and TERT promoter mutations were significantly associated with aggressive clinicopathological features, while RET/PTC fusions and RAS mutations demonstrated distinct demographic and histological distributions. The integration of NGS and IHC enhanced diagnostic accuracy and supports personalized risk stratification in PTC management.