Competing Risk Analysis for Diabetes Mellitus Mortality in Bladder Cancer Patients: A Population-based Study

Historically, there has been a lack of focus on the mortality rates of individuals with both diabetes and Bladder Bancer (BC). Our study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with death from Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in BC patients. Data was gathered from the SEER database on individuals who were diagnosed with BC between the years 2000 and 2017. Calculation of the Standardized Mortality Ratio (SMR) was performed to determine the mortality rate of DM in patients from BC. Potential risk factors for DM mortality were identified by a multivariate competing risk model. Haz-ard Ratios (HR), with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were used to indicate the degree of associated risk. A total of 217,230 BC patients' data were collected from the SEER database for analysis. Among them, 98,880 patients passed away, and 1,783 patients encountered DM mortality. The overall SMR for DM mortality in BC patients was 3.32 (95% CI: 3.17-3.48). Results indicated that SMR increased with increasing years but decreased with increasing follow-up time. Multivariate competing risk analysis shows that BC patients with the fol-lowing factors were at higher risk of developing DM mortality: advanced age, male, black, in situ tumor stage, early year of diagnosis, pathology type of transitional cell carcinoma, without chemotherapy or radiation therapy, and absence of spouse (including separated, di-vorced, widowed, and unmarried). Individuals diagnosed with BC are at a considerably elevated risk of mortality from DM compared to the general population. It is of the utmost importance to identify high-risk groups and implement effective interventions for DM in order to enhance the sur-vival rate among this patient population.