Discovery of Biphenyl Derivatives to Target Hsp70-Bim Protein–Protein Interaction in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia by Scaffold Hopping Strategy

Hsp70-Bim protein-protein interaction (PPI) is the most recently identified specific target in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) therapy. Herein, we developed a new class of Hsp70-Bim PPI inhibitors via scaffold hopping of S1g-10, the most potent Hsp70-Bim PPI inhibitor thus far. Through structure-activity relationship (SAR) study, we obtained a biphenyl scaffold compound JL-15 with a 5.6-fold improvement in Hsp70-Bim PPI suppression (K_d = 123 vs 688 nM) and a 4-fold improvement in water solubility (29.42 vs 7.19 μg/mL) compared to S1g-10. It maintains comparable apoptosis induction capability with S1g-10 against both TKI-sensitive and TKI-resistant CML cell lines in an Hsp70-Bim-dependent manner. Additionally, through SAR, ¹H-¹⁵N TRSOY-NMR, and molecular docking, we revealed that Lys319 is a "hot spot" in the Hsp70-Bim PPI interface. Collectively, these results provide a novel chemical scaffold and structural insights for the rational design of Hsp70-Bim PPI inhibitors.