The nutritional pattern of five groups of filamentous bacteria isolated from bulking sludge is described. Four groups, two with gliding motility, comprised Gram-negative, rod-shaped, sheathed bacteria. The Gram-positive, coccoid bacteria of group V formed sheathless filaments. The metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, organic acids and proteins in groups I-V has been examined. Group I isolates degraded polymeric substrates, while the others, especially group IV, preferred monomeric carbon sources.