The most promising field for wider application of refractory metals and compounds is their use as protective coatings on metals and various nonmetallic materials. The article reviews results of systematic research to develop a technology for protecting refractory metals with coatings made from refractory compounds (carbides, nitrides, borides) of these metals. The research includes an investigation of the solid phase interaction between refractory compounds, between refractory metals and refractory compounds of these metals, and between refractory metal compounds and graphite.