Stable cell lines of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are the predominant source of commercial biopharmaceutical proteins. Because making suitable CHO cell lines is time-consuming and costly, preliminary experiments with transient expression are usually performed to optimize as many protein production parameters as possible. Here, we describe protocols for optimizing expression in transient expression experiments and isolating stable CHO cell lines using two types of self-made reagents, namely, lipoplexes and polyplexes.