材料科学
超级电容器
化学工程
纳米纤维
多孔性
复合材料
比表面积
热解
水溶液
甲壳素
电容
纳米技术
碳纤维
复合数
电极
有机化学
催化作用
物理化学
壳聚糖
工程类
化学
作者
Bo Duan,Xiang Gao,Yuhang Xu,Yan Fang,Liang Huang,Jun Zhou,Lina Zhang
出处
期刊:Nano Energy
[Elsevier]
日期:2016-09-01
卷期号:27: 482-491
被引量:295
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.07.034
摘要
Chitin derived from discarded seafood waste (crab and shrimp shell) is a naturally abundant resource, but its difficult dissolubility limits the processing and applications. Herein, we prepared nanofibrous microspheres by using chitin solution dissolved in NaOH/urea aqueous solvent at low temperature, and subsequently fabricated the novel elastic nitrogen-doped carbon microspheres by pyrolyzing the chitin microspheres. Interestingly, the carbon microspheres were consisted of robust cross-linked nanofibers and displayed interconnected nanofibrous framework architecture, named as CNFF. The CNFF microspheres showed unique elasticity, excellent compression behaviors, and the morphology recovered completely over 5 cyclic compression at strain 75%. Moreover, the carbon microspheres exhibited an outstanding rate capability with a capacitance retention of ~50% when increase the scan rate from 5 mV/s to 10,000 mV/s as well as good cycling stability for supercapacitor applications, as a result of their hierarchical porosity, stable 3D interconnected mesh structure and ultrahigh specific surface area (over 1000 m2/g). Particularly, in the organic electrolyte, the highest deliverable energy density reached up to 58.7 Wh/kg. This work opened up a completely new and green avenue for constructing high performance carbon-based material with elasticity from biomass waste, showing promising application in the energy storage field.
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