Prediction of suitable habitat shifts and assessment of ecological niche overlaps for three Tridentiger species with intertidal and subtidal characteristics under future climate changes

To show how dramatic global climate change affects marine ecosystem species in different habitats. We used a joint species distribution model (SDM) and an ecological niche model (ENM) to investigate the suitable habitat shifts and ecological niche overlaps of the Tridentiger fishes. In the present study, the SDM results showed that 5 hotspots were identified for T. trigonocephalus and T. barbatus, and 4 hotspots for T. bifasciatus. The study on center-of-mass transfer revealed notable reductions in the habitual range of the three Tridentiger species with future climate change and no significant bipolar shifts in the center of mass. The ENM results indicated that T. trigonocephalus and T. barbatus exhibited the greatest ecological niche overlap with Schoener's D (D) and Hellinger-based I (I) values of 0.4719 and 0.7690, respectively. Both SDM and ENM results have suggested that T. trigonocephalus occupied a wider distribution and greater adaptability to future climate change. This study sought to measure the variations in the effects of global climate change on marine species in different habitats. Our study first found that intertidal species with specific life histories may be more resilient to environmental change.