碳化
材料科学
碳纤维
法拉第效率
锂(药物)
化学工程
煤
微型多孔材料
阳极
烟煤
电化学
离子
钠
复合材料
电极
有机化学
冶金
扫描电子显微镜
化学
物理化学
医学
工程类
复合数
内分泌学
作者
Qingqing Tian,Xiaoming Li,Lingling Xie,Fangyuan Su,Zonglin Yi,Liang Dong,Cheng‐Meng Chen
标识
DOI:10.1016/s1872-5805(23)60759-0
摘要
Despite recent interest in the low-temperature carbonization of coal to prepare disordered carbon materials for the anodes of lithium-ion (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), the carbonization mechanism is still poorly understood. We selected bituminous coal as the raw material and investigated the chemical, microcrystal, and pore structure changes during the carbonization process from coal to the resulting disordered carbon. These structural changes with temperature below 1 000 °C show an increase in both interlayer spacing (3.69–3.82 Å) and defect concentration (1.26–1.90), accompanied by the generation of a large amount of nano-microporous materials. These changes are attributed to the migration of the local carbon layer and the release of small molecules. Furthermore, a decrease in interlayer spacing and defect concentration occurs between1 000 °C and 1 600 °C. In LIBs, samples carbonized at 1 000 °C showed the best electrochemical performance, with a reversible capacity of 384 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C and excellent rate performance, maintaining 170 mAh g−1 at 5 C. In SIBs, samples carbonized at 1 200 °C had a reversible capacity of 270.1 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C and a high initial Coulombic efficiency of 86.8%. This study offers theoretical support for refining the preparation of carbon materials derived from coal.
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