This paper summarized the causes of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum occurrence in rape and its control methods.It has been observed that weakly resistant varieties,climate and cultivation conditions were the major reasons for occurrence of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in rape.In order to prevent and control the disease,genetic engineering methods and bio-control medicaments using living microorganism should be applied to develop new varieties of rape which are resistant to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum based on some cultivation measures.