Defect and Interface Engineering in Lithium‐Air Batteries

Lithium-air batteries (LABs) represent a paradigm shift in high-energy storage systems; nevertheless, they are hindered by critical challenges related to electrochemical inefficiencies, stability, and degradation mechanisms. This chapter delves into the profound role of defect and interface engineering in overcoming these challenges. By dissecting the influence of atomic-scale defects on lithium reactivity and oxygen reduction processes, this chapter elucidates strategies for tailoring reaction kinetics and improving battery durability. Additionally, the key role of interface modulation in optimizing charge transport, minimizing side reactions, and enhancing overall battery performance will be explored. This comprehensive discussion integrates state-of-the-art experimental findings and theoretical insights to provide a roadmap for future advancements in the LAB technology.