Metal-organic framework (MOF) attached and their derived metal oxides (Co, Cu, Zn and Fe) as anode for lithium ion battery: A review

Modern era demands the development of energy storage technology for the maximum utilization of sustainable green energy. Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) have attracted intensive attention owing to their use in variety of electronic devices as a rechargeable energy storage device. Although metal oxides (Co, Cu, Zn and Fe), based on conversion reaction, are attractive candidate anode material for (LIBs) due to their high theoretical capacity but several obstacles are there. Efforts were made to overcome the problem by rational designing of combination of two or more MOx /MOx linked with organic ligands to exhibit satisfied reversible and cyclic capacity. In this review many researchers related to the development and modification of MOx for the effective use as anode for LIBs are reported. Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) having central metal unit and bridging organic linkers, are considered to be a latest variety of porous crystalline materials used as precursor for anode in LIBs. Structural diversity, highly porous active surface area, 3 D network of MOFs with multiple active and binding sites, enhances the electrochemical performance at ultrahigh level. Following points are elaborated in present review along their consensus of reported work i.e. electrochemical behavior with the structure, function and working of basic components of LIBs, general reaction mechanism of anode and cathode with schematic representation, their ion exchange equations, theoretical capacity, cell capacity and columbic efficiency calculation formulas, types of reaction mechanism of MOx with their respective chemical reaction equations, electrochemical studies of metal oxides (Co, Cu, Zn and Fe), their MOFs, MOFs further attached with other MOFs, MONs porous C, N and rGO, as anode for LIBs.