[Clinical study on application of 3D Slicer software assisted domestic frameless stereotactic robot in biopsy of intracranial lesions].

Objective: To examine the application value of 3D Slicer software assisted domestic frameless stereotactic robot in biopsy of intracranial lesions. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 80 patients who admitted consecutively and underwent intracerebral lesions biopsy with the domestic frameless stereotactic robot at Department of Neurosurgery, Aerospace Central Hospital from January 2019 to December 2021. There were 36 males and 44 females, with a mean age of (38.5±18.0) years (range: 6 to 71 years). Before surgery only enhanced T1-weighted three-dimensional magnetization prepared gradient echo sequences and diffusion tensor imaging scans were performed. Self-reconstruction of intracranial lesions, cerebral cortex and blood vessels was carried out using 3D Slicer software system after the DICOM format imaging data of 80 patients were collected. These imaging data were merged to the workstation of the domestic frameless stereotactic robot for preoperative surgical planning and the surgical puncture path was designed to avoid blood vessels in the brain functional area, cerebral cortex and sulcus. Results: All frameless stereotactic biopsy were successfully performed. Postoperative pathological diagnosis included 50 cases of diffuse astrocytic and oligodendroglioma, 15 cases of lymphoma, 5 cases of metastatic tumors, 5 cases of inflammatory demyelinating disease, 2 cases of inflammatory granuloma, 1 case of hemangioma, 1 case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia intracranial invasion and 1 case of seminoma. The positive diagnosis rate was 100% (80/80). Postoperative imaging confirmed that the puncture path and target were accurately implemented according to the preoperative planning, and the target error was (1.32±0.44) mm (range: 0.55 to 1.99 mm). One case of puncture-related bleeding occurred at the target after surgery and improved after treatment. Conclusion: The three-dimensional multimodal images reconstructed by the 3D Slicer software before operation could help the surgeons make the preoperative planning and reduce the risk of stereotactic brain biopsy.目的： 探讨3D Slicer软件辅助国产CR型脑外科手术机器人在颅内病变活检组织检查中的应用价值。 方法： 回顾性分析航天中心医院神经外科2019年1月至2021年12月连续收治并采用国产CR型脑外科手术机器人进行颅内病变活检的80例病例资料。男性36例，女性44例，年龄（38.5±18.0）岁（范围：6~71岁）。术前仅行T1加权三维磁化强度预备梯度回波序列和弥散张量成像扫描，收集数据后应用3D Slicer软件重建颅内病变、大脑皮层和血管、白质纤维束的影像，将CT和MRI数据导入国产CR型脑外科手术机器人工作站，设计穿刺路径；穿刺病变组织送病理检查，明确诊断。 结果： 80例患者的无框架立体定向穿刺活检均成功完成。病理学诊断弥漫性星形细胞瘤和少突胶质细胞瘤50例，淋巴瘤15例，转移瘤5例，炎性脱髓鞘病5例，炎性肉芽肿2例，血管瘤1例，急性淋巴细胞白血病颅内浸润1例，精原细胞瘤1例，穿刺活检阳性率100%（80/80）。术后影像学证实穿刺路径和靶点均按术前规划精准实施，靶点误差为（1.32±0.44）mm（范围：0.55~1.99 mm）。术后发生穿刺靶点无症状渗血1例，经治疗后好转。 结论： 通过3D Slicer软件术前自主重建三维多模态影像，可以帮助术者进行术前手术规划，降低国产CR型脑外科手术机器人立体定向脑活检的风险。.