Rethinking energy transition: Approaches from social representations theory

Energy transition depends not only on technological and economic changes but is also deeply embedded in the complex social and cultural factors that shape it. However, existing reviews on energy perceptions often focus on psychological, economic, or policy-driven approaches, overlooking the symbolic and discursive dimensions shaping public understanding and engagement. To address this gap, this literature review examines the role of Social Representations Theory (SRT) in understanding societal perspectives on energy transition. Using content analysis, we synthesize and critically assess how SRT has been applied to examine the shared values, beliefs, and experiences that influence societal responses to energy policies and projects. Our findings highlight the theory's potential to uncover how different groups construct and negotiate meanings around energy transition. While SRT-based studies emphasize the importance of social acceptance, we identify a key limitation: an overemphasis on community acceptance of renewable energy without sufficiently questioning the broader socio-economic paradigms driving the energy transition. This review underscores the need for a holistic approach that integrates social, cultural, and political dimensions to address the complexities of energy transition, moving beyond a technological substitution perspective. By positioning SRT as a valuable framework for understanding the social aspects of energy transition, this study contributes to advancing interdisciplinary discussions and calls for further research incorporating diverse geographic and socio-political contexts. • Social Representations Theory reveals public views on energy transition. • SRT-based studies highlight societal acceptance and opposition factors. • Literature shows a strong focus on community acceptance of renewables. • Current research overlooks critical approaches towards the socio-economic system.