Examining teacher approaches to implementation of a classwide SEL program.

Scale-up of universal social-emotional learning (SEL) programs has become a priority in schools to promote positive social outcomes for all students. Although studies have examined student outcomes associated with school-based SEL when extensive training and support are provided, research on teacher SEL implementation practices under typical conditions has received far less attention. As such, this study examined the first-year universal SEL implementation practices of 41 teachers across 13 schools in three states. School personnel made all decisions regarding approaches to training, support, and program implementation of a manualized program delivered at the classroom level to first- and second-grade students. Within this authentic context for implementation, variability was observed in selection of skills units, number of lessons taught, and adherence to lesson activities and scripts. Coding of teacher anecdotal reports revealed that perceived student needs, classroom context demands, and school-level factors informed teachers' implementation of the program. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).