Helicobacter pylori infection increases the risk of dyslipidemia in Chinese non-obese and non-diabetic population from the perspective of age category: a retrospective cross-sectional study

Currently, the increased prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and elevated levels of dyslipidemia pose a major public health challenge. We aimed to investigate the association between dyslipidemia and H. pylori infection from the perspective of age category. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 3530 non-obese and non-diabetic individuals who underwent a physical examination at the 991st Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of People's Liberation Army from January to December 2024. Physical measurements, hematological markers, and detection of H. pylori were gathered from all patients. According to the results of the detection of H. pylori, the subjects were divided into the H. pylori-positive group and the H. pylori-negative group. The correlation between H. pylori infection and blood lipid levels was compared between the two groups according to age category. Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors influencing H. pylori infection. Among 3530 healthy subjects, 1176 cases (33.31%) were in the H. pylori-positive group and 2354 cases (66.69%) were in the H. pylori-negative group. In the 30-59 age group, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), triglycerides (TG), and total cholesterol (TC) levels were significantly higher in H. pylori-positive individuals compared to H. pylori-negative individuals (P < 0.05), with no significant differences in other age groups (P > 0.05). Binary Logistic regression showed that H. pylori infection was associated with elevated LDL-c [OR = 2.100, 95%CI (1.771-2.491), P < 0.001], elevated TC [OR = 2.844, 95%CI (2.232-3.623), P < 0.001], male gender [OR = 1.267, 95%CI (1.054-1.524), P < 0.05], ages 40-49 [OR = 1.602, 95%CI (1.181-2.173), P < 0.05]. H. pylori infection is associated with dyslipidemia in non-obese and non-diabetic people, especially those aged 30-59. In men aged 40-49, H. pylori positivity was more strongly related to elevated TC and LDL-c, highlighting the importance of routine H. pylori screening in this age group.